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Steel Furnace Slag Characteristics

 

Steel furnace slag includes the following range of sources:

 

1. Open hearth slag from reverberatory furnaces where molten iron, ore, and scrap are refined with limestone as flux for a long period, with fuel and air injection to heat and burn out carbon.  The process is slow and obsolete, but many old slag disposal areas contain this slag.
 
2. Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF,BOP or LD) where scrap and molten iron are charged along with chemical lime to remove silica.   Refining of carbon level is done by injected oxygen.
   
3. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) where scrap or metallized ore or both are melted by AC or DC electric arc, along with chemical lime (calcitic, or calcitic plus dolomitic); the latter containing magnesia as well as calcia.

 

Differences in slags from these three processes are due more to raw materials and desired final steel chemistry than to the process itself. 

The characteristic slag analysis is high in iron, and in calcium reacted with other impurities to form mineral compounds which are heavy, dense, hard, abrasion resistant, and dark colored. 

Where there is short furnace time and if there is excess lime addition, there may be unreacted lime, which requires aging before slag use in some applications.

 

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Last Updated: 5/25/2006 1:09:10 PM